Lesson Report:
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**Lesson Report**

**Title: Nationalism Theories in Debate: Anderson, Chatterjee, and Student-Led Discussions**
*Synopsis:* This session began with a student presentation contrasting Benedict Anderson’s and Partha Chatterjee’s theories on nationalism, using the Indian context as a primary example. The remainder of the class was dedicated to concluding the structured student debates on the drivers of nationalism (people vs. elites; cultural identity vs. political strategy), including assessment of a previous debate round. The session concluded with instructions and Q&A regarding the upcoming final assignment workshop.

**Attendance**
* No students were explicitly mentioned as being absent during this specific class session. (One student discussion implies a past absence relevant to presentation guidelines).

**Topics Covered**

* **Opening Remarks & Agenda:**
* The instructor welcomed the class, noting it was the final week with two classes remaining.
* The agenda was set: begin with Sobir’s presentation, followed by the continuation and conclusion of the class debates started on Wednesday.

* **Student Presentation: Anderson vs. Chatterjee on Nationalism**
* **Presenter:** Sobir
* **Topic:** A comparative analysis and critique of Benedict Anderson’s “Imagined Communities” through the lens of Partha Chatterjee’s work, focusing on the Indian context.
* **Anderson’s Key Ideas (Recap):**
* Nations are modern “imagined communities.”
* Formation driven by print capitalism, secularism, etc.
* Concept is universal, modular, originating in the West/Americas.
* Nationalism fosters “deep horizontal comradeship.”
* **Chatterjee’s Counter-Arguments:**
* Challenges the universality of Anderson’s model; argues nationalism is context-specific.
* Focuses on anti-colonial nationalism (specifically India) as resisting Western modernity via distinct cultural “inner domains.”
* Frames nationalism as cultural resistance rooted in identity (e.g., Hindu identity, citing Gandhi, Spivak).
* Argues Indian nationalism was a grassroots response to colonization, not necessarily elite-driven or fitting Western models.
* Critiques the “horizontal comradeship” concept in hierarchical societies like India (due to the caste system), contrasting it with Anderson’s view.
* **Q&A / Discussion:**
* Instructor asked for non-Indian examples where Chatterjee’s theory might apply.
* Sobir suggested anti-colonial movements in Africa and the context of Central Asian nations (where nationhood was perhaps imposed but a sense of nation later developed).
* Instructor noted the complexity and multiple variables involved.
* **Connection to Coursework:** The instructor highlighted that the themes discussed (origins/character of nationalism, Chatterjee’s critique) are valuable for students’ final literature review assignments.

* **Activity: Continuation of Class Debates**
* **Objective:** To apply theoretical concepts of nationalism through structured debate.
* **Format Adjustment:** The instructor streamlined the debate process:
* Only one opening statement per side.
* The second team to speak would deliver their opening statement *and* respond to the first team simultaneously.
* **Group Organization:** Students confirmed their existing groups (Group 1 by door, Group 2 center, Group 3 window).

* **Debate Round 1: People vs. Elites in Ethnic Mobilization (Moderated by Group 2)**
* **Topic:** Is ethnic mobilization/demobilization primarily driven by the people (grassroots) or by elites? Who holds more power?
* **Sides (via Coin Flip):** Group 1 argued for “People”; Group 3 argued for “Elites.”
* **Preparation:** 3 minutes allocated. Instructor encouraged citing scholars/sources.
* **Debate:** Group 3 presented first (won coin flip). Group 1 presented their opening and responded to Group 3 (referenced Eichmann).
* **Assessment:** Group 2 deliberated (3-4 mins) to assess arguments based on Accuracy, Relevance, and Persuasion (1-5 scale).
* **Verdict:** Group 1 declared the winner (Score: 4.5 vs. 2.5 for Group 3). Group 2 justified the decision partly based on perceived lack of specificity in Group 3’s arguments.

* **Debate Round 2: Cultural Identity vs. Political Strategy in Nationalism (Moderated by Group 3)**
* **Topic:** What primarily drives the formation of nationalist movements: Shared Cultural Identity (Primordialism) or Political Strategy (Instrumentalism)?
* **Instructor Clarification:** Noted the underlying connection to the people vs. elites theme.
* **Sides (via Coin Flip):** Group 1 argued for Primordialism; Group 2 argued for Instrumentalism.
* **Preparation:** 5 minutes allocated. Instructor stressed citing scholars.
* **Debate:** Group 2 presented first (won coin flip). Group 1 presented their opening and response, which included a critique of the debate question itself (arguing for regional specificity, East/West differences, and the possibility of both factors coexisting) and cited the Mau Mau Uprising (Kenya) as an example.
* **Assessment:** Group 3 deliberated.
* **Verdict:** Group 2 declared the winner. Group 3 justified this by stating Group 2 provided stronger theoretical arguments with authors and examples. Group 1 was critiqued for having a weaker argument (example-based, lacking scholar citations) and for focusing on critiquing the question rather than defending their assigned Primordialist stance. Group 3 defended the question’s intent to explore root causes.

* **Retrospective Assessment: Debate from Wednesday’s Class (Assessed by Group 1)**
* **Context:** Prompted by a student (Elayin), the instructor realized the debate from the previous Wednesday class hadn’t been formally assessed.
* **Moderators:** Group 1, who moderated that debate, confirmed they had notes and could provide the assessment.
* **Topic Recap (Briefly):** Referred to as “Modern side” vs. “Modern outside” (potentially Modernism vs. alternatives/critiques?). Mentioned arguments involving “sterilization of society” and “digitalism.”
* **Verdict:** Group 2 won that debate (Score: 3.5 vs. 3 for Group 3). Group 1 cited Group 2’s arguments as clearer and better overall.

* **Preview of Final Class (Wednesday): Final Assignment Workshop**
* **Objective:** To workshop students’ final literature review assignments.
* **Focus:** Helping students solidify the 4 texts they will use, identify key themes, and structure their analysis.
* **Key Guidance:** Emphasized avoiding overgeneralization and the critical importance of directly citing scholars, quoting texts, referencing specific arguments, and discussing how the chosen texts are in conversation with each other.

* **Final Q&A**
* **Grading Timeline:** Instructor addressed question about midterm grades, stating they would be graded and returned by the end of the week (after completing senior thesis tasks). Final papers (due May 19th) will be graded quickly thereafter.
* **Make-up Presentation:** Instructor clarified instructions for a student needing to make up a presentation: Choose a previous topic, apply one new contemporary reading, record the presentation, and submit it. The instructor briefly reviewed the student’s planned approach (e-course reading + open source) and slide draft, advising the inclusion of a reference list.
* **Student Offer:** The student offered to prepare a Kahoot! quiz for the next class.

**Actionable Items**

* **Grading:**
* Prioritize grading and returning Nationalism midterm assignments by the end of the current week.
* Allocate time for rapid grading of final literature review papers immediately following the May 19th submission deadline.
* **Next Class Preparation (Wednesday Workshop):**
* Prepare materials/structure for the final assignment workshop, focusing on guiding students in text selection, theme identification, effective citation of scholars, and analyzing inter-textual dialogue.
* Consider incorporating the student-offered Kahoot! session into the final class plan if time permits and it aligns with objectives.
* **Student Follow-Up:**
* Expect submission of the recorded make-up presentation.
* Review the submitted presentation for content and adherence to guidelines (including the addition of a reference list).

Homework Instructions:
NO HOMEWORK
The professor concluded the lesson by discussing plans for the next class session, which involves an in-class workshop focused on the final assignment, rather than assigning any new tasks to be completed beforehand.

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